We’re Almost There!
The time has come. April 15th is just around the corner and a lot of us are scrambling to get our taxes in on time. Many of us will take that plunge into the “unknown abyss” and become our own tax specialists. Others will seek the help of qualified professionals. Whichever your choice is, know that you can acquire help directly from the IRS. I know, when we hear those words, we generally want to run in the other direction. But think of it from this standpoint, your taxes pay the salaries of these government entities; therefore they should be at your disposal. The IRS has tons of information available to help educate you on how taxes work. If needed, you can even find information on locations that provide free tax services, as long as you qualify. In addition, their automated responses to the most common tax questions can be very useful. Just remember that since the time is near for the deadline these systems can experience overload with thousands of daily requests. I’d suggest that you try to find what you can via the website www.irg.gov. If you’re still confused, then contact a tax professional for assistance.
We must all remember, the IRS is here to assist us. Don’t take a defensive posture; stand tall and confident that you will get the answers that you deserve.
Partnering for your Success!
Jacqueline E. Williams
Financial Strategist.
The Owner’s Paycheck: How to Get Paid from Your Company
The form of ownership that you choose to operate your business under will determine the method in which you pay yourself a salary. Making this decision in the start up phase requires much research and should be handled with care. We choose our form of ownership, mainly based on the potential tax consequence that we expect. Of course, our goal is to pay as little taxes as possible into the system, so the form of ownership chosen helps to achieve this goal. There are clear advantages and disadvantages based on each method available.
As a small business, many people survive from the earnings from operations. But the key here is to remember to keep your business and personal expenses separate. So the questions is, “How do I pay myself, and what impact does it have on my taxes?” Let’s look at some of the ways a business owner can pay themselves a salary from the earnings of their business.
Sole Proprietors and LLCs
Taking money out your business or paying yourself under these forms of ownership, the owner will be responsible for self-employment taxes on any profits that remain in the business whether withdrawn or not. Because this income is not subject to withholding, the owner could also become responsible for making estimated quarterly tax payments. The estimated tax payments will account for both the self-employment tax along with income tax. The self-employment tax is the equivalent of what an employer’s payroll tax would be for FICA and Medicare. The disadvantage here would be that the owner is fully responsible for the entire tax, whereas corporations are not. The corporation is only responsible for half of the FICA taxes; Social Security (12.4%) and Medicare (2.9%) tax; with the employee paying the other half.
Many owners become confused because they believe that since they are paying the self employment tax, that they are not subject to any further taxation. This is not true. The money you withdraw from your business is still subject to income taxes and you must report this income on your form 1040. The key point to remember here is that, although you are not subject to payroll taxes, you are still required to pay into the system by way of self employment and income taxes. The advantage here is the owner gets a deduction on its taxes for paying self employment taxes, where the owner of a corporation doesn’t. For tax purposes you can elect to have your LLC taxed as a corporation, but be aware that making this choice involves very complex rules and regulations. It’s best to stick with what makes sense for you.
Corporations
If you are established as this form of business, the payment to yourself would be made in the form of a salary through payroll. Under this method, you are subject to payroll taxes, which include income (federal and state), and FICA (Social Security and Medicare). One of the key advantages of corporations is that the owners are not liable for self-employment taxes for profits retained in the business. As with Sole Proprietorships and LLCs, you saw that profits are taxed whether paid out or retained in the business. However, a corporation will be subject to unemployment taxes for both federal and state. The employee does not share in this expense. So, the difference here comes in the classification of a corporation being an entity separate from its owners. Because of this, it has an entire different tax profile than the Sole Proprietor or the LLC. The corporation and its owners are taxed separately. Each must file its own tax form.
Deciding on your method of payment simply comes down to how it must be reported for tax purposes. Take the time to do the research so that you can choose the best method based on your company’s profile.
Partnering for your success!
Jacqueline E. Williams
Financial Strategist
What Accounting Basis means for your business
Deciding on which basis of accounting to use for your business will determine how you record your transactions in any given period. Of the several methods, whichever is chosen, the business owner must be consistent in its use thereof for tax reporting and bookkeeping purposes. In order to change, they must file a request with the IRS. The most common bases of accounting are the accrual basis, the cash basis, and the income tax basis.
The accrual basis of accounting records transactions in the same period of which the related transaction occurs, regardless of whether cash is received or not. For instance, if you purchase equipment in 2009, but don’t pay for it until 2010, under the accrual method you would still include the purchase on your books for 2009. The purpose here is to match the income and expenses in the same period. The IRS has clearly defined tests that outline these events. For instance, income is considered earned on the earliest date of these occurrences:
• When you receive payment.
• When the income amount is due to you.
• When you earn the income.
• When title has passed.
And expenses become deductible when:
• The all-events test has been met. The test is met when:
- All events have occurred that fix the fact of liability, and
- The liability can be determined with reasonable accuracy.
• Economic performance has occurred.
The cash basis of accounting records transactions when cash is collected or paid. Using the same example above is you purchase equipment in 2009, but don’t pay for it until 2010, under the cash method you would include the purchase in 2010, when cash is paid. Income includes amounts that you actually or constructively received and expenses include amounts that you actually paid or contest owing. But it does not include amounts that were paid in advance. Expenses paid in advance must be capitalized or recorded as assets.
The income tax basis of accounting is the method used to file your taxes. It’s a combination of the cash basis and the accrual basis. Although businesses are allowed to take this approach, the IRS does impose restrictions on its use. Some of those restrictions would be:
• If an inventory is necessary to account for your income, you must use an accrual method for purchases and sales.
• If you use the cash method for reporting your income, you must use the cash method for reporting your expenses.
• If you use an accrual method for reporting your expenses, you must use an accrual method for figuring your income.
Whatever method you choose to report your income and expenses, it must be held consistent throughout. Just remember to choose a method that best reflects your reporting of income and expenses.
Partnering for your success!
Jacqueline Williams
Financial Strategist
SOFTWARE REVIEW: PRODUCTS TO STREAMLINE YOUR EXPENSE REPORTING
This month’s focus has been on time management techniques. We are always looking for ways to work smarter instead of harder. So, the best approach is to have the proper tools on hand to assist you in your journey. I’ve found a few products that you can easily integrate with QuickBooks that can help you to save time in your daily bookkeeping process. These products all have one thing in common; their objective; to help you create a structured environment. So let’s take a look at three of them now.
Virtual Time+Expense
Virtual Time+ Expense is a web-based tool that simplifies that creates a paperless environment for monitoring time and expense. The name states it’s best feature; virtual. No need to have to wait for employees to bring you their time cards. With this software, they are able to enter all their data over the internet. The same goes for expense reporting. This products easily integrates with QuickBooks and also includes compliance controls.
EZtime
EZtime, another web based application tool gives employees the flexibility of entering their time sheets over the web. In addition to time and expense reports, employees can also receive company news information. Administrators have the ability to control the approval of employee workflow and tasks.
Exgis® Expense
Exgis® Expense is an easy-to-use software application that gives you the capability to track your expenses either through the Internet or on your smartphone as soon as they are incurred. Expense transactions recorded on your smartphone are made available in real-time so they are ready for review when you go online. It also has globalization features for International travelers (ie exchange rates). With a claim reporting system, you can easily transfer business or travel expenses into a claim statement for submission to your finance department - we can even incorporate your company’s existing claim statement right into our software. One of the key features of Exgis Expense is that it reflects immediate changes to business rules to all users in the system, even mobile users.
Partnering for your success
Jacqueline Williams
Financial Strategist
DESIGN A BOOKKEEPING SYSTEM THAT WORKS FOR YOU
Your company’s financial records are the window into the soul of your company. Developing a system should be one the first tasks on your agenda when establishing your company. Of course, most of us wait until we’ve begun operations, and then we accumulate a mound of paperwork. At this point, either one of two things happen; you ignore that mound until you can’t ignore it anymore, or you’ll pass it off to someone else to handle for you. That’s why it’s advantageous to create your system in the beginning of your operations. You’ll save time and money.
Your bookkeeping system should be designed specifically for your type of industry and it should be modified to represent the uniqueness of your particular company. If designed correctly, your bookkeeping system will not be too complex and it will provide you with pertinent financial data at the click of a mouse. To set up the proper system for your company a Bookkeeper will ask a series of questions to gain insight into the type of business you have, and from that information he/she will be able to advise as to the type of transactions and the establishment of the chart of accounts. In the beginning, your chart of accounts will provided very basic data due to the fact that not a lot of activity is occurring at that point. However, it should contain the necessary information for financial reporting and tax reporting. As your company grows, so will your chart of accounts. Your bookkeeping system should be flexible in that it needs to accommodate the addition of various financial statements that management would use such as a balance sheet, an income statement, budgeting, cash flows, etc.
Creating accounts and posting transactions are not the only components of a good bookkeeping system. A good system will include controls to make sure that the data captured and presented is done accurately. For instance processing cash receipts, paying bills, and entering invoices; all these tasks should be clearly documented as to the responsible party, the actual procedures involved, and the responsibility for the review of or oversight of these functions. And most importantly, automation is key. Although you may feel that in the beginning it’s not necessary, do yourself a favor today and make sure that your bookkeeping system is automated. Manual bookkeeping systems are outdated and inefficient. Automated systems provide a higher degree of accuracy, and prevent you from having to set up ledgers, journals and accounts that you aren’t familiar with.
It’s not too late to give your current system an overhaul. Have your Bookkeeper review it today!
Partnering for your success
Jacqueline E. Williams
Financial Strategist